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1988 Sofia air accident

2 Aug 1988 · Vraždebna Airport, Sofia, Bulgaria

Hemus Air Yakovlev Yak-40 · Pilot error

From Vraždebna Airport, Sofia, Bulgaria to Varna Airport (VAR)

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Event

Event typeAccident: someone killed or seriously injured, or the aircraft substantially damaged (NTSB definition). Incident: an occurrence that affected or could have affected safety, short of that. Glossary
Accident
Event fatalities
29 · all aircraft and ground
Ground fatalities
Unknown
Occupants
Unknown
Survivors
8
InjuriesFatal: death within 30 days. Serious: over 48 hours in hospital within a week, most broken bones, severe bleeding, nerve or organ damage, or serious burns. Minor: anything less. Glossary
8
OperationWhat kind of flying it was, grouped by the rules it flew under: airline (US Part 121), air taxi and commuter (Part 135), general aviation (Part 91 and similar), military or government. Glossary
Airline

Yakovlev Yak-40

Aircraft type
Yakovlev YAK-40
Category
Airplane · from aircraft type
RegistrationThe aircraft's tail number, such as N12345 or G-ABCD. Registrations are reissued, so the same one years apart can be a different aircraft. Glossary
LZ-DOK
Operator
Hemus Air
Onboard fatalities
29
Route
From Vraždebna Airport, Sofia, BulgariaTo Varna Airport (VAR)

Approximate · Estimated position: Sofia Airport, the airport the Wikipedia article names as the site. Where on or near it is not known.

From the Wikipedia article

The 1988 Sofia air accident occurred on 2 August 1988, when the takeoff of a Hemus Air Yakovlev Yak-40 aircraft from Sofia's Vraždebna Airport failed and the aircraft plunged into a gorge. On board were 33 passengers and four crew members. Of them, 29 were killed in the accident and eight survived.

At the time of the accident, air traffic at Vraždebna Airport had been halted because a Bulgarian Air Force Tu-154 carrying the Bulgarian leader Todor Zhivkov was preparing to depart. That flight's departure was, however, delayed, whereupon the air traffic controller gave the Hemus Air flight to Varna clearance to depart, urging the crew to hurry. In the rush to depart, the crew forgot to set the horizontal stabilizer trim. It remained in the fully down position, when for takeoff it should have been set 2.5–3.5 degrees upwards. Thus the aircraft did not get airborne at all, but after the end of the runway continued along the ground, plunged into the gorge of the Iskăr river and caught fire.

Translated into English with AI assistance from the Finnish Wikipedia article “Sofian lento-onnettomuus 1988” (revision 23186200, retrieved 2026-09-19) by its authors, under CC BY-SA 4.0. Extracted as plain text: references, tables, images and some sections are left out; the translation may contain errors, and long articles were cut to their first 700 words. Read the article

Sources

Finnish Wikipedia article: Sofian lento-onnettomuus 1988
Article
Sofian lento-onnettomuus 1988
Translation
Into English with AI assistance; names of linked operators and aircraft types from Wikidata. It may contain errors.
Revision
23186200 · 2025-04-21 · retrieved 2026-09-19
Wikidata
Q42434799
Licence
Text CC BY-SA 4.0, by the article's authors; Wikidata CC0; town positions GeoNames (CC BY 4.0)
Where each value comes from
Record
fi Wikipedia article "Sofian lento-onnettomuus 1988" (page 1414859, revision 23186200), translated into English with AI assistance
Date
Wikipedia infobox: date
Place and country
Wikipedia infobox: site
Map position
airport the Wikipedia infobox site links (Wikidata code, OurAirports)
Aircraft, operator and route
Wikipedia infobox: aircraft type, registration, operator, origin and destination; route airports from the linked airport articles' Wikidata codes (OurAirports)
Operation
operator is an airline according to Wikidata
Fatalities
Wikipedia infobox: aircraft fatalities
Ground fatalities
not stated in the Wikipedia infobox
Summary
Wikipedia article lead
Source notes (1)
  • Wikipedia · Facts from the Finnish Wikipedia article's infobox, translated into English with AI assistance, not checked against an investigation report. Independent review pending.