Malév Flight 641

Malév Flight 641 was a scheduled passenger flight from Amsterdam to Budapest with an intermediate stop in Prague. On 21 October 1981, the Tu-154B crashed in severe weather hard into the runway during landing and broke in half. None of the 90 occupants (81 passengers and nine crew members) were killed, but 40 of them were injured, 23 of which were servere.

Accident

The Tupolev Tu-154B was on a scheduled passengers flight Amsterdam-Prague-Budapest. She departed at 12:45 pm from Schiphol Airport in Amsterdam.

The landing approach at Prague Airport was carried out in overcast skies and heavy rain, combined with moderate crosswind. Horizontal visibility was 2,500 - 4,000 meters and a vertical visibility of 60 meters, which was within the meteorological minimum for this airport. The crew reported observing runway lights when the plane was 2 kilometers (1 nautical miles) left to the runway threshold. The descent was continued.

When the plane was 1 kilometer (0.5 nautical miles) left from the runway threshold, it was above the glide path, encouraged the crew to increase the rate of descent. However, the measure was not effective and the plane passed at an altitude of 60 m instead of 15 m. When the aircraft was already 105 meters from the beginning of the runway with the flying speed of 265 km/h (143 knots), the captain reduced the engine power to idle and deployed the spoilers. The actions were made at a low altitude, which is prohibited by the flight manual. As a result, the aircraft's descent rate increased. The crew attempted to stabilize the plane by increasing thrust, but due to the inertia and the engine design (The NK-8-2U engines need 6-8 seconds to transition from idle to takeoff mode), they didn't have time to reach the specified mode.

At 13:57, with a vertical acceleration of approximately 13-14g the Tu-154B struck the ground to the left of the runway and 850 meters form its threshold. The central spar of the fuselage fractured behind the wing, separating the heavy tail. The airliner came to rest 1,220 meters from the beginning of the runway in a grass field. The aircraft was broken into two pieces. Its right landing gear remained on the runway, while the left and front landing gears were off the runway and dug into the ground.