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Malév Flight 203

21 Sept 1977 · near Urziceni, Muntenia, SR Romania

Malév Hungarian Airlines Tupolev Tu-134 · Controlled flight into terrain during approach

From İstanbul Atatürk Airport (ISL) to Budapest Liszt Ferenc International Airport (BUD)

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Event

Event typeAccident: someone killed or seriously injured, or the aircraft substantially damaged (NTSB definition). Incident: an occurrence that affected or could have affected safety, short of that. Glossary
Accident
Event fatalities
29 · all aircraft and ground
Ground fatalities
Unknown
Occupants
53
Survivors
24
InjuriesFatal: death within 30 days. Serious: over 48 hours in hospital within a week, most broken bones, severe bleeding, nerve or organ damage, or serious burns. Minor: anything less. Glossary
Unknown
OperationWhat kind of flying it was, grouped by the rules it flew under: airline (US Part 121), air taxi and commuter (Part 135), general aviation (Part 91 and similar), military or government. Glossary
Airline

Tupolev Tu-134

Aircraft type
Tupolev TU-134
Category
Airplane · from aircraft type
RegistrationThe aircraft's tail number, such as N12345 or G-ABCD. Registrations are reissued, so the same one years apart can be a different aircraft. Glossary
HA-LBC
Onboard fatalities
29
Route
From İstanbul Atatürk Airport (ISL)To Budapest Liszt Ferenc International Airport (BUD)

Cause areas

  • Personnel issues › Task performance
  • Personnel issues › Psychological
  • Environmental issues › Operating environment

From the investigation findings the Wikipedia article reports, sorted into the NTSB's cause areas with AI assistance.

Approximate · Estimated position: Urziceni, near the place the Wikipedia article names. Not the accident site.

From the Wikipedia article

Malév Flight 203 was an international passenger flight from Istanbul, Turkey to Budapest, Hungarian PR with a stop at Bucharest, SR Romania. On September 21, 1977, the plane clipped some trees and crashed while approaching Bucharest Airport, killing 29 of the 53 on board.

Accident

While approaching Bucharest Airport, the Tu-134 descended significantly earlier than expected. It is found that the crew settled the barometric altimeters incorrectly, the crew didn't notice that the plane was flying too low. The spoilers (which were only allowed to be used on ground) were deployed for possibly technical problems. The aircraft descended sharply and it ended up at an altitude of 55 meters (180 feet) in the landing configuration, with 40 kilometers remaining before the runway, flying through the forest. As the crew pushed the throttle to avoid the terrain, it collided with treetops and crashed into the side of a ditch, veered into a field, where it came to rest and burned. The nose gear got stuck in an irrigation canal, the front of the fuselage broke off, and was crushed under the plane, which continued to slide from its momentum. The plane crashed at 16:58.

By the time the Romanian authorities and the fire department arrived at the scene, the firefighters just stared at the burning wreckage. The survivors were taken to Urziceni Hospital - the local hospital, where the staff did not have a good grasp of the circumstances. A survivor, who was a doctor, helped.

Investigation and cause

Investigation

From the orders of Nicolae Ceaușescu, a Romanian-Hungarian-Soviet commission was established, headed by the Romanian Minister of Transport.

Final report

The reported concluded that the plane had descended below the authorized altitude of 600 meters (1,970 feet). The crew had reduced the engine thrust while keeping the landing configuration; this cause the plane to increase the rate of descent. The airport only had the instrument landing system (ILS) beacons on the western side while the plane was approaching from eastward, so they have to land the plane visually. As the pilots had no visual contacts and were distracted from their conversation of the Malév's uniform, they didn't realized that the plane was losing altitude. When the crew recognized the issue and increased thrust to avoid, it was too late.

The Soviet Union and the Romanian accepted the conclusion, but the Hungarians rejected it.

Text from the Wikipedia article “Malév Flight 203” (revision 1374839971, retrieved 2026-09-18) by its authors, under CC BY-SA 4.0. Extracted as plain text: references, tables, images and some sections are left out. Read the article

Sources

Wikipedia article: Malév Flight 203
Article
Malév Flight 203
Revision
1374839971 · 2026-09-14 · retrieved 2026-09-18
Wikidata
Q18398630
Licence
Text CC BY-SA 4.0, by the article's authors; Wikidata CC0; town positions GeoNames (CC BY 4.0)
Where each value comes from
Record
Wikipedia article "Malév Flight 203" (page 83999333, revision 1374839971)
Date
Wikipedia infobox: date
Place and country
Wikipedia infobox: site
Map position
place the Wikipedia infobox site links (Wikidata coordinates)
Aircraft, operator and route
Wikipedia infobox: aircraft type, registration, operator, origin and destination; route airports from the linked airport articles' Wikidata codes (OurAirports)
Operation
flight number in the article title
Fatalities
Wikipedia infobox: aircraft fatalities
Ground fatalities
not stated in the Wikipedia infobox
Summary
Wikipedia infobox: summary
Source notes (1)
  • Wikipedia · Facts from the Wikipedia article's infobox and coordinates, not checked against an investigation report. Independent review pending.