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Japan Air Lines Flight 813

25 Dec 1965 · Over South San Francisco, California, United States

Douglas DC-8 · Uncontained engine failure due to maintenance error

From San Francisco International Airport (SFO) to Tokyo Haneda International Airport (HND)

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Event

Event typeAccident: someone killed or seriously injured, or the aircraft substantially damaged (NTSB definition). Incident: an occurrence that affected or could have affected safety, short of that. Glossary
Accident
InvestigationHow far the investigation had got when the record was published: preliminary, ongoing, final or completed. Unknown where the source does not say. Glossary
Unknown
Event fatalities
0 · all aircraft and ground
Ground fatalities
0
Occupants
41
Survivors
41
InjuriesFatal: death within 30 days. Serious: over 48 hours in hospital within a week, most broken bones, severe bleeding, nerve or organ damage, or serious burns. Minor: anything less. Glossary
0 serious · 0 minor (NTSB)
OperationWhat kind of flying it was, grouped by the rules it flew under: airline (US Part 121), air taxi and commuter (Part 135), general aviation (Part 91 and similar), military or government. Glossary
Airline
WeatherVisual meteorological conditions (VMC): good enough to fly by looking outside. Instrument conditions (IMC): cloud or low visibility, flying by instruments. Glossary
Visual Meteorological Cond

Douglas DC-8

Flight
JL813
Aircraft type
Douglas DC-8
Category
Airplane
RegistrationThe aircraft's tail number, such as N12345 or G-ABCD. Registrations are reissued, so the same one years apart can be a different aircraft. Glossary
JA-8006
Onboard fatalities
Unknown
Route
From San Francisco International Airport (SFO)To Tokyo Haneda International Airport (HND)
Aircraft age
Not recorded
Flight rulesThe regulations the flight operated under: in the US, Part 91 (general aviation), Part 121 (airlines), Part 135 (air taxi and commuter) and others; for flights abroad, the NTSB's coarser commercial or non-commercial code. Glossary
Part 121: Air carrier (scheduled international passenger service)
Phase of flightThe stage of the flight when things started to go wrong: standing, taxi, takeoff, initial climb, en route, maneuvering, approach or landing. Glossary
En route · climb to cruise
Defining eventThe single coded event the NTSB judges best describes what happened (records from 2008 on). Older records name the first occurrence in the sequence instead. Glossary
Engine failure or malfunction
DamageDestroyed: beyond practical repair. Substantial: damage that affects the structure, performance or handling and normally needs major repair. Minor: less than that. Glossary
Substantial

Cause areas

  • Miscellaneous acts, conditions › Improperly installed
  • Personnel › Improper maintenance (maintenance personnel)
  • Personnel › Inadequate inspection of aircraft (maintenance personnel)
  • Powerplant › Other

Approximate · Estimated position: the centre of San Francisco, CA, the place the record names. Not the accident site.

From the Wikipedia article

On December 25, 1965, Japan Air Lines Flight 813 en route from San Francisco International Airport to Haneda Airport experienced an uncontained engine failure in its number one engine shortly after takeoff. The crew made an emergency landing at Metropolitan Oakland International Airport across the San Francisco Bay. All 41 passengers and crew managed to survive without any injuries.

Accident

At 13:08 PST, the aircraft took off from Runway 01 at San Francisco International Airport. At 13:11, while climbing at 270 knots (500 km/h) and approximately 4,500 feet (1,400 m), the No. 1 engine exploded. The aircraft vibrated violently and rolled to the left. The pilots immediately performed the engine failure checklist, and the vibrations subsided. There was a fire in the No. 1 engine, but the engine was not visible from the cockpit, and no fire warnings were issued. The pilots learned of the fire through a flight attendant's report.

Within a minute of the engine explosion, the pilot declared a mayday and requested permission to make an emergency landing, at which point lateral control was becoming difficult and hydraulic pressure was decreasing.

At 13:16, the captain decided to head for Runway 29 at Metropolitan Oakland International Airport, which offered a more direct approach, rather than making a left turn to return to San Francisco International Airport. At 13:20, the aircraft successfully landed on Runway 29. None of the 41 occupants onboard were injured.

Investigation and cause

Final report

The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB), which investigated the accident, determined that the cause of the accident was failure of an operator to properly secure the torque ring on the low-pressure compressor during an engine inspection and overhaul.

Text from the Wikipedia article “Japan Air Lines Flight 813” (revision 1339308986, retrieved 2026-09-18) by its authors, under CC BY-SA 4.0. Extracted as plain text: references, tables, images and some sections are left out. Read the article

NTSB remarks

NO.1 ENG LOW PRESSURE COMPRESSOR SECTION TORQUE RING FAILED,IMPROPERLY SECURED DURING ENG OVERHAUL

NTSB's remark from its 1962–1981 archive, as recorded (abbreviated, at most 98 characters): the archive has no narrative

Sources

Wikipedia article: Japan Air Lines Flight 813
Article
Japan Air Lines Flight 813
Revision
1339308986 · 2026-02-19 · retrieved 2026-09-18
Wikidata
Q97376136
Licence
Text CC BY-SA 4.0, by the article's authors; Wikidata CC0; town positions GeoNames (CC BY 4.0)
NTSB record
Event ID
19651225P005439
Case number
Unknown
Dataset
historical-pre1982
Source SHA-256
abe1a933b4b73583d61684309f7f0610c281e3c1de3537c6471bf2a98ba6481d
Where each value comes from
Record
Wikipedia article "Japan Air Lines Flight 813" (page 79641535, revision 1339308986); merged with NTSB case NTSB19651225P005439 (PRE1982 tblFirstHalf (one row per aircraft, grouped by date, place and time))
Date
NTSB record NTSB19651225P005439: PRE1982 DATE_OCCURRENCE
Place and country
Wikipedia infobox: site; country from NTSB record NTSB19651225P005439
Map position
NTSB record NTSB19651225P005439: centre of the town the record names (GeoNames, CC BY 4.0)
Aircraft, operator and route
NTSB record NTSB19651225P005439: PRE1982 REGIST_NO, ACFT_MAKE, ACFT_MODEL; gaps from Wikipedia infobox: aircraft type, registration, operator, origin and destination; route airports from the linked airport articles' Wikidata codes (OurAirports)
Operation
NTSB record NTSB19651225P005439: operated under Part 121: Air carrier (scheduled intl passg service)
Fatalities
NTSB record NTSB19651225P005439: PRE1982 TOTAL_ABRD_FATAL of each aircraft, plus people on the ground and others outside the aircraft
Ground fatalities
NTSB record NTSB19651225P005439: events.inj_f_grnd
Summary
Wikipedia infobox: summary
Source notes (4)
  • One occurrence in two sources, merged: the Wikipedia article "Japan Air Lines Flight 813" and NTSB case NTSB19651225P005439, matched by the same aircraft registration and date. For this US event the NTSB's values are used where the two differ; each value names its source.
  • From NTSB's 1962-1981 archive (PRE1982), which holds at most a short remark (98 characters, abbreviated) instead of a narrative; the accident type, phase of flight, causes and conditions are NTSB's codes, decoded as the archive defines them.
  • Reviewed means this record passed the site's consistency check, not that it was checked against a narrative or report - there is none to check against.
  • The operation category is mapped from the archive's operator and operation codes and has not been reviewed.