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Delta Air Lines Flight 978

3 Sept 1993 · Lexington, KY, United States

Douglas MD-88 · Accident during landing

From Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL) to an unrecorded destination

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Event

NTSB case
BFO93LA155
Event typeAccident: someone killed or seriously injured, or the aircraft substantially damaged (NTSB definition). Incident: an occurrence that affected or could have affected safety, short of that. Glossary
Accident
InvestigationHow far the investigation had got when the record was published: preliminary, ongoing, final or completed. Unknown where the source does not say. Glossary
Completed
API-reported fatalities
0 · all aircraft and ground
Ground fatalities
0
OperationWhat kind of flying it was, grouped by the rules it flew under: airline (US Part 121), air taxi and commuter (Part 135), general aviation (Part 91 and similar), military or government. Glossary
Airline
WeatherVisual meteorological conditions (VMC): good enough to fly by looking outside. Instrument conditions (IMC): cloud or low visibility, flying by instruments. Glossary
Visual Meteorological Cond

Douglas MD-88

Aircraft type
Douglas MD-88
Category
Airplane
RegistrationThe aircraft's tail number, such as N12345 or G-ABCD. Registrations are reissued, so the same one years apart can be a different aircraft. Glossary
N913DL
Onboard fatalities
Unknown
Route
From Hartsfield Jackson Atlanta International Airport (ATL), Atlanta, GATo not recorded
Aircraft age
Not recorded
Flight rulesThe regulations the flight operated under: in the US, Part 91 (general aviation), Part 121 (airlines), Part 135 (air taxi and commuter) and others; for flights abroad, the NTSB's coarser commercial or non-commercial code. Glossary
Part 121: Air Carrier
Phase of flightThe stage of the flight when things started to go wrong: standing, taxi, takeoff, initial climb, en route, maneuvering, approach or landing. Glossary
Landing · flare/touchdown
First occurrenceThe single coded event the NTSB judges best describes what happened (records from 2008 on). Older records name the first occurrence in the sequence instead. Glossary
Miscellaneous/other
DamageDestroyed: beyond practical repair. Substantial: damage that affects the structure, performance or handling and normally needs major repair. Minor: less than that. Glossary
None

Cause areas

  • Flight attendant › Procedures/directives, not followed

Approximate · Estimated position: the centre of Lexington, KY, the place the record names. Not the accident site.

NTSB narrative

DURING A HARD LANDING, A CABIN ATTENDANT WAS STANDING IN THE AIRPLANE'S AISLE. WHEN THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN, THE CABIN ATTENDANT'S ANKLE TWISTED WHICH RESULTED IN A BONE FRACTURE. REVIEW OF THE COCKPIT VOICE RECORDER REVEALED THAT THE CAPTAIN SIGNALED TO THE CABINCREW TO PREPARE FOR LANDING ABOUT EIGHT MINUTES AND 37 SECONDS PRIOR TO THE LANDING. THE INJURED CABIN ATTENDANT STATED THAT HE WAS OUT OF HIS JUMPSEAT PREPARING A GALLEY FOR LANDING WHEN HE REALIZED THE AIRPLANE WAS CLOSE TO THE GROUND. THE INJURED CABIN ATTENDANT STATED THAT HE WAS ON THE WAY TO HIS JUMPSEAT WHEN THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN. THE DIGITAL FLIGHT DATA RECORDER REVEALED THAT THE AIRPLANE TOUCHED DOWN AT 124 KNOTS INDICATED AIRSPEED WITH A VERTICAL VELOCITY OF 10.7 FEET PER SECOND. THE MAXIMUM VERTICAL ACCELERATION RECORDED AT TOUCH DOWN WAS 2.5 G'S. THE AIRPLANE WAS NOT DAMAGED AND NO OTHER AIRPLANE OCCUPANTS WERE INJURED.

Probable cause

THE CABIN ATTENDANT DID NOT FOLLOW PUBLISHED PROCEDURES.

Verbatim NTSB analysis and probable cause from the NTSB dataset

Sources

NTSB record BFO93LA155
Event ID
20001211X13331
Case number
BFO93LA155
Dataset
historical-pre2008
Source SHA-256
89e2df6d848e7ab3b42e7d7c7a03ff403303057a26ca04c95b3ea67201c3ce74
Source notes (4)
  • Unreviewed is an editorial label, not an investigation status. API-sourced is not report-checked or human-reviewed. Explicit event totals are used without summing aircraft injury tables; onboard allocation is withheld. Unknown values remain unknown. The operation category is mapped from the NTSB-reported FAR part and has not been reviewed.
  • Filled from the NTSB case API where the bulk record had no value: local date, investigation status, damage. Values present in the bulk record are kept.
  • The date is the local date; the NTSB stores the UTC date 1993-09-04.
  • API snapshot SHA-256: 325d54dd793b738dc044d44f112998872e4aa433c0486ff51b5f08bc615a5c04; retrieved 2026-09-18T18:30:08.858Z.