ATL94LA136 · Piper PA-23-160
Piper PA-23-160 · Accident: total loss of engine power (non-mechanical) during initial climb
From 4A7 to Smyrna Airport (MQY)
Event
- NTSB case
- ATL94LA136
- Event typeAccident: someone killed or seriously injured, or the aircraft substantially damaged (NTSB definition). Incident: an occurrence that affected or could have affected safety, short of that. Glossary
- Accident
- InvestigationHow far the investigation had got when the record was published: preliminary, ongoing, final or completed. Unknown where the source does not say. Glossary
- Completed
- API-reported fatalities
- 0 · all aircraft and ground
- Ground fatalities
- 0
- OperationWhat kind of flying it was, grouped by the rules it flew under: airline (US Part 121), air taxi and commuter (Part 135), general aviation (Part 91 and similar), military or government. Glossary
- General aviation
- WeatherVisual meteorological conditions (VMC): good enough to fly by looking outside. Instrument conditions (IMC): cloud or low visibility, flying by instruments. Glossary
- Visual Meteorological Cond
Piper PA-23-160
- Aircraft type
- Piper PA-23
- Category
- Airplane
- RegistrationThe aircraft's tail number, such as N12345 or G-ABCD. Registrations are reissued, so the same one years apart can be a different aircraft. Glossary
- N3381P
- Operator
- Unknown
- Onboard fatalities
- Unknown
- Route
- From 4A7To Smyrna Airport (MQY), Smyrna, TN
- Aircraft age
- Not recorded
- Flight rulesThe regulations the flight operated under: in the US, Part 91 (general aviation), Part 121 (airlines), Part 135 (air taxi and commuter) and others; for flights abroad, the NTSB's coarser commercial or non-commercial code. Glossary
- Part 91: General Aviation
- Phase of flightThe stage of the flight when things started to go wrong: standing, taxi, takeoff, initial climb, en route, maneuvering, approach or landing. Glossary
- Initial climb
- First occurrenceThe single coded event the NTSB judges best describes what happened (records from 2008 on). Older records name the first occurrence in the sequence instead. Glossary
- Total loss of engine power (non-mechanical)
- Also codedOther events the NTSB coded in the sequence, such as a wire strike after a loss of power. Flight Findings uses them for its kinds of event. Glossary
- Fuel contamination; Stall
- DamageDestroyed: beyond practical repair. Substantial: damage that affects the structure, performance or handling and normally needs major repair. Minor: less than that. Glossary
- Substantial
Cause areas
- Fluid, fuel › Contamination
- Fluid, fuel › Water
- Pilot in command › Aircraft preflight, inadequate
- Pilot in command › Airspeed(vs), not maintained
Approximate · Coordinates as recorded by the NTSB; no uncertainty radius is established.
NTSB narrative
WITNESSES HEARD THE LEFT ENGINE SPUTTERING DURING THE TAKEOFF ROLL, AND WATCHED AS THE AIRPLANE BECAME AIRBORNE, VEERED TOWARD THE LEFT, STALLED, AND IMPACTED THE GROUND. THE PILOT HAD FLOWN TO THE AIRPORT FOR RADIO WORK. WHILE THE AIRPLANE WAS PARKED ON THE RAMP FOR TWO HOURS, THERE WAS HARD RAIN. THE AIRPLANE WAS THEN TAXIED TO THE FBO AND FUELED. DURING THE SUBSEQUENT TAKEOFF, THE LEFT ENGINE QUIT. NO WATER WAS FOUND IN THE REFUELING TRUCK AND OTHER AIRCRAFT WERE FUELED FROM IT BEFORE AND AFTER THE ACCIDENT WITH NO DISCREPANCIES REPORTED. THE POST ACCIDENT EXAMINATION OF THE AIRPLANE REVEALED WATER IN BOTH ENGINE FUEL PUMPS. THE THERMOS TYPE FUEL CAPS OF BOTH MAIN TANKS WERE FOUND LOOSE, AND THE SEALS CRACKED. AN AD REQUIRES THE FUEL CAPS TO BE INSPECTED ANNUALLY. THE AIRCRAFT LOG INDICATES THAT THE INSPECTION WAS DONE ABOUT ONE MONTH PRIOR TO THE ACCIDENT.
Probable cause
THE PILOT'S INADEQUATE AIRCRAFT PRE-FLIGHT INSPECTION, HIS FAILURE TO ABORT THE TAKEOFF, AND HIS FAILURE TO MAINTAIN AIRSPEED THAT RESULTED IN A STALL. A FACTOR WAS THE INADEQUATE AIRCRAFT INSPECTION THAT DID NOT IDENTIFY THE WORN FUEL CELL CAPS.
Verbatim NTSB analysis and probable cause from the NTSB dataset
Sources
NTSB record ATL94LA136
- Event ID
- 20001206X01665
- Case number
- ATL94LA136
- Dataset
- historical-pre2008
- Source SHA-256
- 89e2df6d848e7ab3b42e7d7c7a03ff403303057a26ca04c95b3ea67201c3ce74
Source notes (4)
- Unreviewed is an editorial label, not an investigation status. API-sourced is not report-checked or human-reviewed. Explicit event totals are used without summing aircraft injury tables; onboard allocation is withheld. Unknown values remain unknown. The operation category is mapped from the NTSB-reported FAR part and has not been reviewed.
- Filled from the NTSB case API where the bulk record had no value: investigation status. Values present in the bulk record are kept.
- The date is the local date, which is the same as the UTC date the NTSB stores.
- API snapshot SHA-256: 76f417740000119f7596a9fa26a669a6bc83c84252b489b2a336d099b15154c7; retrieved 2026-09-21T13:48:46.888Z.