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LAX94FA130 · Sikorsky S-58T

21 Feb 1994 · Walnut Creek, CA, United States

Air One Sikorsky S-58T · Accident: partial loss of engine power (non-mechanical) en route

From Concord, CA to Mineta San Jose International Airport (SJC)

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Event

NTSB case
LAX94FA130
Event typeAccident: someone killed or seriously injured, or the aircraft substantially damaged (NTSB definition). Incident: an occurrence that affected or could have affected safety, short of that. Glossary
Accident
InvestigationHow far the investigation had got when the record was published: preliminary, ongoing, final or completed. Unknown where the source does not say. Glossary
Completed
API-reported fatalities
3 · all aircraft and ground
Ground fatalities
0
OperationWhat kind of flying it was, grouped by the rules it flew under: airline (US Part 121), air taxi and commuter (Part 135), general aviation (Part 91 and similar), military or government. Glossary
General aviation
WeatherVisual meteorological conditions (VMC): good enough to fly by looking outside. Instrument conditions (IMC): cloud or low visibility, flying by instruments. Glossary
Visual Meteorological Cond

Sikorsky S-58T

Aircraft type
Sikorsky S-58
Category
Helicopter
RegistrationThe aircraft's tail number, such as N12345 or G-ABCD. Registrations are reissued, so the same one years apart can be a different aircraft. Glossary
N581BG
Operator
Air One
Onboard fatalities
Unknown
Route
From Concord, CATo Mineta San Jose International Airport (SJC), San Jose, CA
Aircraft age
Not recorded
Flight rulesThe regulations the flight operated under: in the US, Part 91 (general aviation), Part 121 (airlines), Part 135 (air taxi and commuter) and others; for flights abroad, the NTSB's coarser commercial or non-commercial code. Glossary
Part 91: General Aviation
Phase of flightThe stage of the flight when things started to go wrong: standing, taxi, takeoff, initial climb, en route, maneuvering, approach or landing. Glossary
En route · cruise
First occurrenceThe single coded event the NTSB judges best describes what happened (records from 2008 on). Older records name the first occurrence in the sequence instead. Glossary
Partial loss of engine power (non-mechanical)
Also codedOther events the NTSB coded in the sequence, such as a wire strike after a loss of power. Flight Findings uses them for its kinds of event. Glossary
Fuel contamination
DamageDestroyed: beyond practical repair. Substantial: damage that affects the structure, performance or handling and normally needs major repair. Minor: less than that. Glossary
Destroyed

Cause areas

  • Company maintenance personnel › Inadequate quality control
  • Company maintenance personnel › Maintenance, service of aircraft/equipment, inadequate
  • Fluid, fuel › Contamination
  • Fuel system › Flow restricted
  • Fuel system, fuel flow divider/distributor › Foreign material/substance
  • Fuel system, nozzle › Foreign material/substance
  • Pilot in command › Autorotation, delayed
  • Pilot in command › Maneuver to avoid obstructions, intentional
  • Pilot in command › Rotor RPM, not maintained

Approximate · Coordinates as recorded by the NTSB; no uncertainty radius is established.

NTSB narrative

THE HELICOPTER WAS OBSERVED FLYING LOW IN A GRADUAL DESCENT OVER A RESIDENTIAL AREA HEADING TOWARD AN OPEN FIELD. WITNESSES SAID THE HELICOPTER NOISE LEVEL WAS QUIET, BUT NOT SOUNDLESS. AT 200 FEET ABOVE THE GROUND, THE HELICOPTER ROLLED LEFT TO AN INVERTED FLIGHT ATTITUDE AND THEN DESCENDED IN A NOSE-DOWN ATTITUDE. WRECKAGE EXAMINATION DID NOT FIND ANY PREIMPACT MECHANICAL FAILURES WITH THE HELICOPTER'S FLIGHT CONTROL OR DRIVE SYSTEMS. SIGNATURES ON THE INTERNAL ROTATING COMPONENTS OF BOTH ENGINES, THE DRIVE SYSTEM, MAIN ROTOR BLADES, AND TAIL ROTOR BLADES WERE INDICATIVE OF LOW RPM. EXAMINATION OF THE ENGINE FUEL SYSTEM REVEALED EVIDENCE OF FOREIGN PARTICLES IN THE FLOW DIVIDER AND FUEL NOZZLES. POSTACCIDENT FUEL SAMPLES FROM THE REFUELING TRUCK WERE TESTED IN A LABORATORY. ACCORDING TO THE LAB REPORT, THE FUEL HAD A TENDENCY TO ABSORB AND RETAIN WATER, AND A PRESENCE OF MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION WAS NOTED. IN ADDITION TO THE LAB TESTS, FUEL SAMPLES FROM THE OPERATORS REFUELING TRUCKS WERE INDEPENDENTLY TESTED WITH WATER DETECTION PASTE AND TESTED POSITIVE FOR WATER.

Probable cause

Inadequate fuel quality control procedures by the helicopter operator resulting in fuel contamination and a loss of engine power. The pilot's decision to extend the autorotative glide to avoid striking residential homes, which resulted in low main rotor rpm and a subsequent in-flight loss of control, is also causal in this accident. A factor in the accident was the unsuitable nature of the residential area over which the loss of power occurred for a successful forced landing.

Verbatim NTSB analysis and probable cause from the NTSB dataset

Sources

NTSB record LAX94FA130
Event ID
20001206X00756
Case number
LAX94FA130
Dataset
historical-pre2008
Source SHA-256
89e2df6d848e7ab3b42e7d7c7a03ff403303057a26ca04c95b3ea67201c3ce74
Source notes (4)
  • Unreviewed is an editorial label, not an investigation status. API-sourced is not report-checked or human-reviewed. Explicit event totals are used without summing aircraft injury tables; onboard allocation is withheld. Unknown values remain unknown. The operation category is mapped from the NTSB-reported FAR part and has not been reviewed.
  • Filled from the NTSB case API where the bulk record had no value: investigation status. Values present in the bulk record are kept.
  • The date is the local date, which is the same as the UTC date the NTSB stores.
  • API snapshot SHA-256: 3ae75239396134be5fd2573a784bbd99cef1fe338aeb8e907342201e4eabe82e; retrieved 2026-09-21T00:14:32.202Z.